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GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION, CLIMATE, EXTENSION, ETC.
 
Gallery of photos:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#Image_gallery
www.romaniatourism.com/ - 36k
Geographic location:
South-East of Central Europe,
North of the Balkan Peninsula, in the Lower Danube basin, bordering on
the Black Sea.
Boundaries:
- East: Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova and the Black Sea;
- South: Bulgaria;
- South and South-West: Serbia;
- West: Hungary;
- North: Ukraine.
Area:238,391 sq.km (12th largest in Europe).
Border Length: 3,190.3 km
Geological Age: The same as the European Continent, roughly 550
million years.
Physical features:
Mountains (31%), hills and plateaus (33%), plains (36%).
Hydrography: The river Danube in the south of the country, length
1,075 km (out of the total 2,850 km from its source to its flowing into
the sea).
Other Rivers: Mures, Olt, Prut, Siret, Ialomita, Somes, Arges,
Jiu, Buzau, Bistrita etc.
Lakes: approximately 2,300 lakes and over 1,150 ponds (2,650
sq.km). The best known are Razelm (415 sq.km), Sinoe (171 sq.km), Brates
(21 sq.km), Tasaul (20 sq.km), Techirghiol (12 sq.km) and Snagov (5.8
sq.km).
Climate: Temperate continental, with oceanic influences from the
West, Mediteranean from the South-West, excessive continental from the
North-East. Mean annual temperatures: ranging between 8°C in the North
and 11°C in the South. Average annual rainfall does not exceed 700 m.
Capital:
Bucharest
municipality (1,521 sq.km, divided into six administrative districts,
with a population of 2,066,723 lies in the South-Eastern part of the
country, in the Romanian Plain (altitude 85 m). It dates back to the
14th century and the first written attestation dates as early as 1459,
as residence of prince Vlad the Impaler. Capital of Wallachia in the
17th-19th centuries and then of Romania since 1862, Bucharest is the
most important political, economic, cultural and scientific centre of
the country. It is crossed by the river Dambovita and is bordered by
pitoresque lakes on the valley of Colentina. Bucharest is a city
featuring a rich vegetetion, wide parks, which has inspired the name of
'garden-city'.
Bucharest is a lively city with monumental buildings, outstanding
architectural values, interesting museums, theatres, opera house,
exhibition halls, memorial houses, universities, central public and
administrative offices. The Parliament Palace, for instance, is the
second largest building in the world, behind the Pentagon. Bucharest is
also the largest industrial centre of Romania, with numerous factories
and plants of all kinds (iron-and-steel, engineering, fine mechanics,
tanning yards, food industry).
Administrative division:
41 counties and Bucharest municipality (with a county status), 260 towns
(out of which 57 municipalities), 2,688 communes (with about 13,000
villages).
Main cities:
(inhabitants as of 7 January 1992): Constanta (350,581), Iasi (344,425),
Timisoara (334,115), Cluj-Napoca (328,602), Galati (326,141), Brasov
(323,786), Craiova (303,959). Twenty-five cities have a population of
over 100,000, while eight cities exceed 300,000.
Port towns:
By the Black Sea: Constanta (can take ships of over 150,000 dwt).
Mangalia and Sulina (free port).
On the Danube: Turnu Severin, Turnu Magurele, Giurgiu, Oltenita,
Cernavoda, Braila, Galati, Tulcea (these last three are both river and
sea ports).
The Danube-Black Sea Canal: (64.2 km long) between Cernavoda and
Agigea-Constanta was opened to traffic in 1984. Following the
inauguration of the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal in 1992, it facilitates a
direct connection to the North Sea. It is navigable for river and
sea-going ships of up to 5,000 dwt.
Airports: Bucharest-Otopeni, Constanta-Mihail Kogalniceanu,
Suceava, Arad, Timisoara (all for international traffic, as well), Bacau,
Baia Mare, Bucharest-Baneasa, Caransebes, Cluj, Craiova, Deva, Iasi,
Oradea, Satu-Mare, Targu Mures, Tulcea.
National flag:
Three equal vertical stripes - red, yellow and blue (next to the staff).
National Coat-of-Arms:
(since 1992)
An eagle holding a cross in its beak and a sword and a sceptre in its
claws, as well as the symbols of the five historical provinces -
Wallachia, Moldova, Transylvania, Banat and Dobrogea.
National day:
December 1 (anniversary of the 1918 union of all Romanians into a single
state).
Form of government:
Republic, according to the
Constitution
voted by Parliament on 21 November 1991
and validated by national referendum on 8 December 1991 revised through Law nr.
429/2003. The two-chamber Parliament (the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate),
elected for a four-year term, is the people's supreme representative body and
the sole law-making autority. The president is elected by universal vote for
two four-year terms at the most. The Government, validated by Parliament,
provides general management of the public administration.
The
data featured in this page is taken from the Statistical Yearbook of
Romania (2000)
More
information:
http://www.state.gov/p/eur/ci/ro/
http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/Europe/Romania/
enrin.grida.no/htmls/romania/soe2000/eng/romania.htm - 10k
–
www.excite.es/viajes/guias/europa/romania - 24k
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POPULATION, DEMOGRAPHY
Population
(according to the January 2002 census): 21.698.181 inhabitants.
Density:91 inhabitants per sq.km. About 9 million Romanians live abroad - in
Europe, about 4 million in the Republic of Moldova and 2 million in Hungary,
Serbia, Greece, Albania; over 2 million in the United States of America and
Canada; others in South America, South Africa and Australia.
Distribution by age groups: 0-14 years - 22.7%, 15-18 years - 7.4%, 20-34 years
- 22.3%, 35-54 years - 25.3%, 55-64 years - 11.4%, 70-79 years - 6.4%, over 80
years - 4.5%.
Demographic structure: Romanians - 89.5%; Hungarians (plus Szecklers) – 6.6%;
Rroma pop. – 2.5%; other nationalities - 1.4%.
Life expectancy - men 66.5 years; women 73.2 years.
Population growth (census years): 8,600,000 (1859), 12,923,600
(1912), 18,052,896 (1930), 15,872,624 (1948), 17,489,450 (1956),
19,103,163 (1966), 21,559,910 (1977).
Currency:
Lei (Ron)
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LANGUAGE/S
Romanian.
Other
languages, such as
Hungarian,
German,
Romani,
Ukrainian
and
Serbian,
are official at various local levels. |
CUSTOMS,
TRADITIONS
The
culture of Romania is rich and varied. Like Romanians themselves, it
is fundamentally defined as the meeting point of three regions:
Central Europe,
Eastern Europe, and the Balkans, but cannot be fully included in any
of them. The Romanian identity formed on a substratum of mixed
Roman and quite possibly
Dacian elements (although the latter is controversial), with many
other influences. During late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the major
influences came from the
Slavic peoples who migrated and settled in nearby
Bulgaria,
Serbia,
Ukraine and eventually
Russia; from medieval
Greeks and the
Byzantine Empire; from a long domination by the
Ottoman Empire; from the
Hungarians; and from the
Germans living in Transylvania. Modern Romanian culture emerged and
developed over roughly the last 250 years under a strong influence from
Western culture, particularly
French and
German culture.
More
information:
Romanian
Culture
http://www.culture.ro/
Welcome to Romania
Tourism in Romania
http://www.turism.ro/
Romanian Tour
http://www.romaniantour.ro/
RoTravel, your web guide to Romania
http://www.rotravel.com/
Romanian Tourism
http://www.romaniantourism.ro/
Info
Tourism
http://www.infoturism.ro/
Tourism info
http://www.turisminfo.ro/
Hotels.ro
http://www.hotels.ro/
Yellow
Pages
http://www.paginiaurii.ro/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#Culture_links
www.romaniatourism.com/ - 36k
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ECONOMY,
RESOURCES
With a
GDP per capita (PPP)
of 10,661 estimated for 2007, Romania is considered an upper-middle
income economy and has been part of the
European Union since 1 January 2007. After the
Communist regime was
overthrown in late 1989, the country experienced a decade of
economic instability and decline, led in part by an obsolete industrial
base and a lack of structural reform. From 2000 onwards, however, the
Romanian economy was transformed into one of relative macroeconomic
stability, characterised by high growth, low
unemployment and declining
inflation. In 2006, according to the
Romanian Statistics Office, GDP growth was recorded at 7.7%, one of
the highest rates in Europe. Unemployment in Romania was at 4.5% in
April 2007[14]
which is very low compared to other middle-sized or large European
countries such as
Poland,
France,
Germany and
Spain. Foreign debt is also comparatively low, at 20.3% of GDP.
Exports have increased substantially in the past few years, with a 25%
year-on-year rise in exports in the first quarter of 2006. Romania's
main exports are clothing and textiles, industrial machinery, electrical
and electronic equipment, metallurgic products, raw materials, cars,
military equipment, software, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and
agricultural products (fruits, vegetables, and flowers). Trade is mostly
centred on the member states of the European Union, with
Germany and
Italy being the country's single largest trading partners. The
country, however, maintains a large trade deficit, as it imports 37%
more goods than it exports.
After a
series of privatisations and reforms in the late 1990s and early 2000s,
government intervention in the Romanian economy is somewhat lower than
in other European economies. In 2005, the
liberal-democrat
Tăriceanu government replaced Romania's
progressive tax system with a
flat tax of 16% for both personal income and corporate profit,
resulting in the country having the lowest fiscal burden in the European
Union, a factor which has contributed to the growth of the private
sector. The economy is predominantly based on services, which account
for 55% of GDP, even though industry and agriculture also have
significant contributions, making up 35% and 10% of GDP, respectively.
Additionally, 32% of the Romanian population is employed in agriculture
and primary production, one of the highest rates in Europe. Since 2000,
Romania has attracted increasing amounts of foreign investment, becoming
the single largest investment destination in Southeastern and Central
Europe.
More
information:
www.un.ro/Romania.html - 18k -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#Economy_links
www.itcnet.ro/folk_festival/romania.htm - 2k -
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PUBLIC
TRANSPORT
Go to :
www.ratb.ro
Metrou
Bucuresti
http://www.metrorex.ro/
Transport
Aerian Roman
Tarom
http://www.tarom.ro/
Trenuri
http://www.cfr.ro/
http://esteast.unep.ch/default.asp
www.ebrd.com/oppor/procure/opps/goods/tenders/070724a.htm - 24k -
www.romaniatourism.com/while.html - 53k -
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DRIVING
LICENSE
Drivers’ license (to exchange)
Same
EU provision
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HOUSING
Housing
1.
Accomodation in each country (links with different webs, type of
lodging, ways to find lodging,…)
2.
The best options to find a rental home or to buy a house or flat.
3.
Rules which you should know before you rent a house or flat.
4.
Rules which you should know before you buy a house or flat
5.
Aids for immigrants
Accommodation
For
full service providing of online apartment reservation services, are
offering great service for apartments by many real estate agencies.
Apartments are an alternative to hotels, modern spaces and sense of
comfort, fully equipped.
Contacting a real estate agency you will find accommodation paying 70%
less then if you go to a hotel.
1 room
apartment: 40-60 €/day
2
rooms apartment: 50-90 €/day
Short
Term Rental
Short
term rental means you can rent an apartment between 1 day and 1 month,
for 70% less price then on a hotel.
You
can rent an apartment or a studio on a daily basis too.
If you
select your choice of hotel check availability and Book Online with
immediate confirmation. Your reservation is a real time process and
carried out on a secure online booking system.
More
information:
http://www.apartment.ro/ro
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AIDS,
GRANTS, SCHOLARSHIPS IN THE SOCIAL FIELD
Grants
in the social field
(medical aids, housing aids, education aids, ….):
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EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS, HOSPITALS, TOWN HALLS
Go to:
http://en.einformatii.ro/
http://www.ghidul.ro/telefoane.php
Hospitals
http://www.util21.ro/sanatate/spitale-clinice-universitare-Romania.htm
Ambulant
service
http://www.util21.ro/sanatate/servicii-ambulanta-Romania.htm
Primary
care
http://www.util21.ro/institutii/primarii-din-Romania-resedinta.htm
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Living and working in Romania
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